QUESTION 1Match each cell type with the correct description. – A. B. C. D. Chondrocyte – A. B. C. D. Osteocyte – A. B. C. D. Osteoblast – A. B. C. D. OsteoclastA.produces extra cellular matrix protein scaffold for boneB.When active, increases the extracellular calcium concentration in the ECFC.when active, decreases the concentration of calcium in the ECFD.mature bone cell
1 points QUESTION 2Which of the following statements about Helper T cells are true? Choose all of the correct answers.Helper T Cells express TCRs.Helper T cells express BCRs.Helper T cells interact with antigens bound to Class I MHC molecules on other cells.Helper T cells interact with antigens bount to Class II MHC molecules on other cells.Activation of Helper T cells requires the membrane protein CD4.Activation of Helper T cells requires the membrane protein CD8.
2 points QUESTION 3Swelling due to bulk flow from the plasma into the interstital fluid is the result of decreased protein permeability in the capillaries. True False
1 points QUESTION 4Are the following types of cells adaptive immune cells, innate immune cells or not immune cells?note: Although the two branches of the immune system interact with each other, cells are categorized as innate or adaptive by the types of microbial molecules they bind to. – A. B. C. Cytotoxic T cells – A. B. C. Neutrophils – A. B. C. Natural Killer Cells – A. B. C. Macrophages – A. B. C. Plasma cells – A. B. C. Mast cells – A. B. C. Helper T cells – A. B. C. ErythrocytesA.AdaptiveB.InnateC.Not Immune Cells
3 points QUESTION 5Which of the following statements are correct? Choose all of the correct answers.A decrease in the number of lymphoid stem cells could result in a decrease in red blood cell.A person with an elevated level of platelets could experience easy bruising.A person with a low number of white blood cells could have difficulty in fighting infections.Platelets are more numerous than white blood cells, but contribute less volume to blood than white blood cells.
1 points QUESTION 6Match each immune cell with the method it uses to neutralize a pathogenic microbe that has infected a human – A. B. C. D. E. F. Cytotoxic T cell – A. B. C. D. E. F. Helper T cell – A. B. C. D. E. F. B cell – A. B. C. D. E. F. Natural Killer Cell – A. B. C. D. E. F. Macrophage – A. B. C. D. E. F. Mast CellA.kills infected human cells after recognizing antigens displayed on MHC class 1B.does not directly kill microbes; after recognition of a specific antigen displayed on MHC Class 2, it secretes molecules that help other cells to do so.C.phagocytoses microbes after recognizing specific antigens; secretes antibodiesD.kills virus-infected human cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.E.Phagocytoses microbes after recognizing PAMPs; acts as an Antigen Presenting Cell to activate another type of immune cellF.Does not directly kill microbes; secretes histamine to initiate an inflammatory response.
3 points QUESTION 7Both inflammation and fever result in an increase in the temperature set point of the body. True False
1 points QUESTION 8Place the following events in activation of a B cell by a microbe in the order in which they would occur. – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Several rounds of division occur, producing many B cells that all express the same B cell receptor. – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A B cell differentiates from a lymphocyte stem cell, and the mature B cell expresses a specific type of B cell receptor on its cell membrane. – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The B cell’s BCR (B cell receptor) binds to a foreign antigen with high specificity and high affinity. – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Second messenger signaling is activated in the B cell. – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Gene expression is altered in the B cell, and the B cell begins to divide.
2 points QUESTION 9Which of the following statements describe Class I MHC molecules, and which describe Class II MHC molecules? – A. B. C. This molecule is expressed on all nucleated cells. – A. B. C. This molecule interacts with proteins expressed on the surface of Cytotoxic T cells. – A. B. C. This molecule is expressed on the surface of Antigen presenting cells. – A. B. C. This molecule is important for activating Helper T cells – A. B. C. This molecule is expressed on the surface of B cells. – A. B. C. This molecule binds to antigens that come from primarily intracellular pathogensA.Class I MHC.B.Class II MHCC.Both Class I and Class II MHC.
2 points QUESTION 10Which of the following are phagocytic cells? Select the single best answer.Macrophagesneutrophilsdendritic cellsAll of the above.
2 points QUESTION 11Platelets can synthesize ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.FalseTrue
1 points QUESTION 12What type of B cell does not secrete many antibodies during a primary immune response, but is very important for a secondary immune response?
1 points QUESTION 13Which of the following topics do you find most challenging? You may select multiple topics.Immune System Anatomy and Immune CellsInnate Immune CellsComplement and Interferon FunctionB cell receptors/T cell receptorsB cell responsesCytotoxic T cell responsesHelper T Cell responsesInteractions of antigens, BCR, TCR, MHC molecules and CD4/CD8Immune Pathologies and HIVDevelopment of Bone and Blood cells
1 points QUESTION 14Which of the following is not a secondary immune tissue?thymusGALTspleentonsils
1 points QUESTION 15If an individual failed to develop any mature lymphocytes, they would have lessened innate responses to infection and lessened adaptive responses to infection. True False
1 points QUESTION 16Place the following statements that describe the 5 steps in an adaptive immune response in the order in which they occur. – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Long lived-immune cells allow the second response to a given microbe to be stronger and faster than the first response – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Adaptive immune cells are born in the bone marrow, then mature in either the bone marrow or the thymus – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Adaptive immune cells use specific receptor proteins to bind to antigens very specifically – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Intracellular signaling pathways are initiated, causing the adaptive immune cell to change cell division, gene expression, and protein translation – 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Adaptive immune cells kill invading microbes, either directly or indirectly
2 points QUESTION 17Production of which of the following types of proteins during an innate immune response would directly lead to the lysis of invading bacterial cells?Membrane attack complexperforinimmunoglobulininterferon
1 points QUESTION 18Which of the following statements about Cytotoxic T cells are true? Choose all of the correct answers.Cytotoxic T Cells express TCRs.Cytotoxic T cells express BCRs.Cytotoxic T cells interact with antigens bound to Class I MHC molecules on other cells.Cytotoxic T cells interact with antigens bount to Class II MHC molecules on other cells.Activation of Cytoxic T cells requires the membrane protein CD4.Activation of Cytotoxic T cells requires the membrane protein CD8.
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