Vehicular Ad hoc Networks, also
known as VANETs, have revolutionized wireless transmission and paved the way
for improved road safety. This is due to recent developments in wireless device
technology and intelligent inter-vehicle communication. VANETs were developed to
be incorporated into the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Regarding Vehicular
ad hoc networks (VANETs), the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) has assigned a particular band of 5.9 gigahertz
(GHZ) for Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC). The Vehicle Adhoc
Network (VANET) is a subcategory of the Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) that
facilitates communication between automobiles using On-Board Units (OBUs)
connected to a decentralized network. About this subject, the open wireless
channels of VANET had a significant impact on the privacy and security concerns
that were generated by the network. The purpose of this work is to investigate
the academic literature about developing technologies and lightweight
authentication methods in VANETs, with a particular emphasis on security flaws
and possible remedies. Furthermore, it does an analysis of the computational
and communication costs of these protocols in relation to the potential attacks
that could be launched against them. In addition to this, the article presented
a number of recent developments in lightweight technology for VANETs, as well
as risks associated with these networks, and it also suggested potential
solutions. A comprehensive analysis of the many different kinds of assaults and
the methods that can be used to defend against them is provided in the work,
which digs into the multifaceted nature of authentication protocols themselves.
Concerns of privacy in VANETs are also investigated, with the most recent
research being taken into consideration.
