Reply these two post
Reply 1) As per (Intermodal Regulations: Navigating Compliance in Freight Transport – FasterCapital, n.d.) “Intermodal transportation is a complex and highly regulated industry that requires compliance with a variety of regulations and standards. The intermodal regulations are a set of rules that govern the movement of goods across different modes of transportation, including rail, truck, and ocean freight”. The topics that are within intermodal regulations include safety of shipping containers, handling and transportation of hazardous materials, and qualifications of drivers and operators. These are sets of rules and standards that govern the movement of goods through different modes of transportation and are designed to provide efficient transportation, safety of people and goods, and protect the environment. It is important when using intermodal, to understand the regulations for Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), International Maritime Organization (IMO), International Air Transport Association (IATA), and it is also important to understand Hazardous materials regulations (HMR) and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) because of a lot of times, these agencies will interconnect when shipping a product out. For example, I had a situation where I was shipping a hazardous material to Chile and the material was hazardous if it shipped by air but not hazardous if shipped by ground. For a reason I cannot explain, it was cost benefit for the customer, they wanted me to ship to via ground to their broker in Texas and then their broker shipped the product via air in Chile. That required me to follow the regulations of FMCSA, FAA, IATA, and HMR, I had to pack the material going via ground as per regulations and I had to send the broker a hazardous box, Dangerous goods declaration, and hazardous labels so they ship material via air once it arrived. “Compliance with these regulations is essential for companies that operate with intermodal transportation industry as failure to comply can result in fines, penalties, and other legal consequences” (Intermodal Regulations: Navigating Compliance in Freight Transport – FasterCapital, n.d.).
Globally, same regulations apply when dealing with intermodal, it is important to follow regulations for each mode of transport that will be dealing with any specific shipment and more importantly it is training to know the requirements. “Intermodal transportation in Europe Involves a delicate orchestration of various modes (trucks, railways, ships, and more), each of these modes comes with its own set of European regulations” (Hipólito, 2023). The modes of transportation available are air transportation which include companies such FedEx, UPS, DHL, and cargo, services such All Nippon Air, truck transportation, rail transportation, sea transportation, and pipelines (used to ship oil and gas).
References
Hipólito, D. C. (2023, November 7). Regulatory and compliance considerations in intermodal transportation. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/regulatory-compliance-considerations-intermodal-cuadrado-hip%C3%B3lito-ha8tf/
Intermodal Regulations: Navigating compliance in freight Transport – FasterCapital. (n.d.). FasterCapital. https://fastercapital.com/content/Intermodal-Regulations–Navigating-Compliance-in-Freight-Transport.html
REPLY 2)Air Transportation:
The air transportation industry plays a significant role globally and in the United States, contributing to economic growth, international trade, tourism, and connectivity.
The global air transportation industry contributes significantly to the global economy. According to the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the air transport sector supports over 65.5 million jobs worldwide and generates $2.7 trillion, accounting for around 3.6% of total global GDP. Additionally, air transport facilitates over 35% of world trade by value, transporting goods and services across borders efficiently and quickly.
System-wide global commercial airlines have produced 896 billion in revenue and are expected to surpass that amount in 2024 worldwide with 964 billion in revenue. Net profits for 2023 were 25.7 billion. The total GDP 2023 growth according to the IATA was 28%, and the top three contributors to global air transportation are North America, Europe, and Asia-Pacific. Additionally, China has increased its air transport industry by 31.5% (IATA, 2023).
Since February 2024 Global Air Traffic and U.S. Domestic traffic has already surpassed pre-pandemic levels and is in full recovery with expected continued growth over the next few years.
In the United States, the air transportation industry is vital to the economy. According to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), the aviation industry directly contributes around $1.8 trillion to the U.S. economy, accounting for approximately 8.5% of the country’s GDP and supports over 11 million jobs across various sectors, including airlines, airports, aircraft manufacturing, and related services.
US Air Transport is regulated by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), and they provide service to 45,000 flights daily and over 16,405,000 yearly. US domestic air transport has grown by 13.7% since the pandemic in 2019. There are 5882 public airports and 14,551 private airports totaling 19,633 airports in the United States.
There are 21 Air Traffic control centers, and the US Air traffic industry supports over 10,857 jobs in the US and transports 44,500,000,000 pounds of freight per year. The industry accounts for 5.2% of the US gross domestic product (GDP) and has 488 billion annual earnings from aviation annually. These statistics highlight the significant contribution of the air transportation industry both globally and in the United States. The industry plays a crucial role in facilitating economic activity, trade, and mobility, contributing to overall prosperity and development.
IATA. (2023, December). IATA economics. http://www.iata.org/en/publications/economics/?Search=&Economics
Owens Thomsen, M. (2023, December). Global Outlook for Air Transportation – june 2023. www.iata.org. https://www.iata.org/en/iata-repository/publications/economic-reports/global-outlook-for-air-transport—june-2023—presentation/
Air traffic by the numbers. Air Traffic By The Numbers | Federal Aviation Administration. (2023, April 10). http://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/by_the_numbers
