Reply it no less than 200 words using 1 APA reference.
Marijuana is a psychoactive drug that generally consists of leaves and flowers of the cannabis sativa plant. Marijuana is a Schedule I controlled substance under the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA; 21 U.S.C. §801 et seq.), and thus is strictly regulated by federal authorities. In contrast, over the last several decades, most states and territories have deviated from a comprehensive prohibition of marijuana and have laws and policies allowing for some cultivation, sale, distribution, and possession of marijuana.
Medicinal marijuana policies in the United States have evolved significantly over the past few decades, reflecting changing attitudes towards cannabis as a therapeutic agent. As of 2024, medicinal marijuana is legal in 36 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands (“State Medical Marijuana Laws,” 2024). These laws vary widely in terms of the conditions qualifying for medicinal use, possession limits, and regulatory frameworks.
Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the United States. According to data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), in 2022 an estimate 61.9 million individuals aged 12 or older used marijuana in the past year. Therefore, the federal stance on medicinal marijuana remains contentious. Despite states legalizing its use, cannabis remains classified as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA), which poses significant challenges for researchers and patients seeking federal protections (“Drug Scheduling,” n.d.). This conflict between state and federal laws creates legal uncertainties and barriers to accessing cannabis for medicinal purposes, hindering comprehensive research into its potential benefits and risks.
Under federal law, a drug must be approved by FDA before it may be marketed or prescribed in the United States. To date, FDA has not approved a marketing application for marijuana for the treatment of any condition (as it remains a Schedule I substance); however, FDA has approved one cannabis-derived drug and three marijuana-related drugs that are available by prescription.
Furthermore, disparities exist in how states regulate and tax medicinal marijuana, influencing patient access and industry growth. States like California and Colorado have established robust regulatory frameworks, whereas others continue to refine their policies to balance patient access with public health concerns (“Medical Marijuana Laws by State,” n.d.).
References
1. Drug Scheduling. (n.d.). U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. Retrieved July 7, 2024, from https://www.dea.gov/drug-scheduling
2. State Medical Marijuana Laws. (2024). National Conference of State Legislatures. Retrieved July 7, 2024, from https://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-medical-marijuana-laws.aspx
3. Medical Marijuana Laws by State. (n.d.). ProCon.org. Retrieved July 7, 2024, from https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/state-by-state-medical-marijuana-laws
