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The instructions are simple: read the questions that give an in-depth analysis response based on the article.
definition for claim, support and warrant: a claim is something the author wants the audience to believe. A support is the evidence or appeal they use to convince the reader to believe the claim. A
warrant is the (often implicit) assumption that links the support with the claim
Read
the article below and answer the questions:
In the twentieth
century, hierarchical government bureaucracy was the predominant organisational
model used to deliver public services and fulfil public policy goals. Public
managers won acclaim by ordering those under them to accomplish highly routine,
albeit professional, tasks with uniformity but without discretion. Today,
increasingly complex societies force public officials to develop new models of
governance.
In many ways,
twenty-first century challenges and the means of addressing them are numerous
and complex than ever before. Problems have become both more global and more
local as power disperses and boundaries (when they exist at all) become more
fluid. One-size-fits-all solutions have given way to customized approaches as
the complicated problems of diverse and mobile populations increasingly defy
simplistic solutions.
The traditional,
hierarchical model of government simply does not meet the demands of this
complex, rapidly changing age. Rigid bureaucratic systems that operate with
command-and-control procedures, narrow work restrictions, and inward-looking
cultures and operational models are particularly ill-suited to addressing
problems that often transcend organisational boundaries.
Consider national
security, none of the public organisations with responsibility for this
portfolio in any country, acting alone can effectively stop terrorists or
drug-trafficking. These public
organisations require assistance of a law enforcement network that crosses
agencies and levels of government. They need communications systems to capture,
analyse, transform, and act upon information across public and private
organisations at a speed, cost, and level that were previously impossible.
Similarly, public organisations with responsibility for the prevention and
control of diseases cannot adequately respond to a pandemic or bioterrorism on
its own. An effective response would require the activation of robust public
health and emergency responder networks.
The hierarchical
model of government persists, but its influence is steadily waning, pushed by
governments’ appetite to solve ever more complicated problems and pulled by new
tools that allow innovators to fashion creative responses. This push and pull is
gradually producing a new model of government in which executives’ core
responsibilities no longer centre on people and programmes but on organizing
resources, often belonging to others, to produce public value.
(Excerpt from Goldsmith and Eggers, 2004)
a.
What is/are the claim(s) being made in the extract?
b.
How is the claim supported?
c.
Would you say that the
arguments form part of a discourse or
a debate? Justify your answer.
d.
Explain two (2) features of
the hierarchical model of government.
e.
Given your exposure to the
study of public and policy management what position would you take in response
to the claim(s) you have identified
in the extract: Are you in support of the claims(s)
or are you able to provide a rebuttal?
Make a statement of no less than 500
words that illustrates your position.
