Analysis a 3-day diet of a Preschooler
This analysis will include a report based on specific rubric/questions for a Preschooler Diet Analysis Report. Using the daily food record form: Preschooler_Intake_Form.docx Download Preschooler_Intake_Form.docx, you (or the parent) will record an actual preschooler’s food intake for 3 separate days. Include everything the preschooler ate and drank such as tea, butter, salad dressings, fats used in preparation, etc. Use common household measures such as teaspoons, cups, etc. For cheeses and meats, you may use ounces. Choices will be given in the program. You will enter portions of a whole in decimals, not fractions.
Use the outline (Attached combination report) and rubric below to evaluate the nutritional quality and adequacy of the child’s diet. Please type your answers only, without the questions.
EVALUATION OF THE DIET REPORT OUTLINE
CALORIES (2 points)
List how many Calories the child averaged for the 3 days and its percent of their DRI.
Explain how their caloric intake compares to their needs
List the child’s height and current weight.
DISTRIBUTION OF CALORIES (6 points) Note: The kcalories may be distributed as follows (ONLY if the kcalories are 100% of the RDA):
10% (but follow gram guidelines) Protein
30% or less Fat
60% or more Carbohydrates
Protein: List the grams from protein consumed and answer one of the bulleted statements below. Then state whether the proteins are very lean, lean, medium fat or high fat. Are they mainly plant or animal? Did they eat at least 2 plant protein sources daily?
Using the gram value recommended: If the grams from protein were less than the DRI for the child, suggest specific foods that would improve the child’s protein intake.
Using the gram value recommended: If the grams from protein were greater than the DRI for the child (were higher than .8/grams per kilogram calculation), how could the child decrease protein intake?
Using the gram value recommended: If the grams from protein were close to the DRI guidelines for the child, explain how the diet stays at this recommended level. Caution: listing all high protein foods would indicate an excess.
Carbohydrate: List the % kcalories from carbs and answer one of the statements below. Be sure to note differences between complex, simple, refined, and unrefined carbs in the child’s diet-not definitions of these terms. State whether or not the child consumes at least 6 servings daily of whole grains or starchy vegetables. What healthful carbohydrates (fruits, whole grains, legumes, and vegetables) does the child consume?
If the % kcal from carbs was lower than or equal to 60%, suggest specific healthful foods that would improve the carbohydrate intake.
If the % kcal from carbs was greater than 60%, describe which foods helped the child to maintain this level, and the quality of these carbohydrates.
Fat: List the % kcalories from fat and answer one of the statements below. (Do not use Macronutrient Distribution Ranges on Nutricalc) (Be sure to comment on the percent of poly, mono, and saturated fats. Are they each below 10% of total kcal? Is the saturated fat the lowest? Did the child consume hydrogenated or trans fats? How did the child do for meeting Omega 3 and Omega 6 fatty acids?)
If the % kcal from fat exceeded or equaled 30%, describe changes in portion sizes or substitutions that will lower the child’s fat intake.
If the % kcal from fat were less than 30%, name specific foods that the child does or doesn’t eat that are responsible for the % kcal from fat.
Alcohol: I presume that this child did not consume any alcohol so kcals from this substance will not be obtained.
CHOLESTEROL (1 point)
The child does not need to consume any cholesterol at all. List the mg of cholesterol consumed and answer one of the questions below.
If the diet exceeded 300 mg of cholesterol per day, suggest food changes that could be made to lower cholesterol intake.
If the diet did not exceed 300 mg of cholesterol, name specific foods that the child didn’t eat that are responsible for his/her low cholesterol intake.
SODIUM (1 point) (ALSO COMMENT ON 1:1 SODIUM TO CALORIE RATIO)
List the mg of sodium consumed and answer one of the statements below.
If sodium intake exceeded the AI, suggest changes to lower sodium intake.
If the diet contained less than the AI of sodium, name specific foods that the child does not eat that help keep the diet low in sodium.
FIBER (1 point)
List the grams of fiber in the diet and answer one of the statements below. If the child consumed more than 2000 Calories, figure fiber needs to be 10-15 extra grams for every 1000 Calories over 2000 Calories.
If fiber intake was below 20 grams, suggest specific changes that could be made to improve fiber intake.
If fiber intake was greater then 20 grams, describe which foods helped the child to reach this level of fiber intake.
VITAMINS (5 points)
These are the vitamins listed on the printout:
A B1 B2 B3 B6 B12 C D E Folate
Answer one of the statements below:
List the vitamins the child is deficient in (less than 100% of the RDA). For each deficient vitamin, suggest foods, which will improve the intake of that vitamin. MAKE SURE SUGGESTIONS ARE CONSISTENT W/GOALS!)
If the child was not deficient in any vitamins, give specific examples of why the diet is able to meet the RDA recommendations.
MINERALS (3 points) (SODIUM ALREADY DISCUSSED)
These are the minerals listed on the printout:
Calcium Iron Magnesium Phosphorus Potassium Zinc
Answer one of the statements below:
List the minerals the child is deficient in (less than 100% RDA). For each deficient mineral, suggest specific foods, which will improve the child’s intake of that mineral. SUGGESTIONS SHOULD BE CONSISTENT WITH GOALS!
If the child is not deficient in any minerals, give specific examples of why the diet is able to meet the RDA recommendations.
WATER (1 points)
List the amount of water in grams from the average printouts that the child consumed daily.
How does this compare to their needs? Why or why not?
CAFFEINE (1 points)
List the amount of caffeine from the printouts that the child consumed, if any.
How do you feel about this caffeine consumption?
EXERCISE (2 points)
Does the child exercise aerobically at least 3 times a week?
List the types of flexibility, muscular endurance and strength, and aerobic exercises that he/she does regularly.
NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS (2 points)
IF THE CHILD DOES NOT TAKE SUPPLEMENTS, YOU MUST STILL COMPLETE #1 OF THIS SECTION FOR CREDIT.
Does the child now take any nutrient supplements or has she taken them in the recent past?
If they do take supplements, indicate the types and the frequency. (Use the information from supplement labels to indicate the amounts of the various ingredients).
If they do not take supplements, look at the computer printout for the 3-day average and indicate which nutrient supplements are probably unnecessary.
QUALITY AND PHYTONUTRIENTS (2 points)
Look at the color of the whole foods in the child’s diet. List the foods that the child ate in the 3 days from each of the following dietary colors which are rich in phyto (plant) chemicals and can prevent disease: Write “None” if the child does not have a fruit or vegetable in a particular category, but give a suggestion that will fulfill the color category. Be clear which are recorded foods and which are suggestions.
Red _____________ ___________________________
Red (Blue)-Purple _____________ ___________________________
Orange _____________ ___________________________
Orange-Yellow _____________ ___________________________
Yellow-Green _____________ ___________________________
Green _____________ ___________________________
White Green _____________ ___________________________
OVERALL ADEQUACY OF DIET (3 points)
Select one of the following categories for the child’s diet and describe why the diet fits into this category and any general changes that you feel the child (offered by the adult) needs to make.
Healthy and Adequate-meets 100% of all vitamin, mineral, protein, carbs, phytochemicals and fiber requirements while staying low in fat, cholesterol, and sodium.
Marginally O.K.- meets almost 100% of all vitamin, mineral, protein, carbs, phytochemicals and fiber requirements while staying low in fat, cholesterol, and sodium.
Needs Improvement- meets only 50-90% of most of the requirements above and has some excesses of fat, cholesterol, and sodium.
Dangerously Inadequate- meets less than 50% of most requirements above and has many excesses of fat, cholesterol, and sodium.
