hi you can choose any of these following to wrtie an essay
1. Describe and discuss the pros and cons of different levels of spatial concentration among immigrants
in general, and recent immigrants in particular.
2. Describe and discuss the variation in self-employment rates of (wage and salary labor-market and
resource endowment) disadvantaged immigrant (and ethnic) groups, drawing on Portes and Rumbaut
Chapter 4 and Light (The Ethnic Economy).
3. Describe and discuss the independent and reciprocal influence of spatial and
occupational/industrial/sectoral concentration of different immigrant groups for their economic and/or
political and/or linguistic and cultural achievement and integration.
4. Discuss the implications of the following statement: “business owners provide the stratum from which
immigrant and ethnic minorities have always recruited political and social leadership”. [I. Light (2005)]
5. Explain and discuss the implications of the following statement: “All too often, the low wages of ethnic
economy employees are a condition of their employment in that their employer’s firm only exists because
it pays low wages. Ethnic [ownership] economies soak up the unemployment the mainstream [economy
generates].” [I. Light (2005)]
6. Establish and discuss the contributions (if any) made by Johnston, Karageorgis, and Light (2013) to
the social scientific explanation of immigrant settlement and spatial mobility (as reviewed and
summarized in Portes and Rumbaut, Ch.3).
7. Discuss the possible implications (for, e.g. public policy, public opinion, etc.) of the fact that
undocumented immigrants, and immigrants economically active (fully or partially) in the informal and
illegal sectors, are unlikely to be included in official statistics regarding spatial location, employment,
income, etc. .
8. Describe and discuss the pros and cons of immigrant (and ethnic) spatial concentration, for both
immigrants and the mainstream host society.
9. Discuss different theories/explanations of economic differences among immigrant groups from
different geographical/nationality and ethnic origins, and between them and the native-born, both cross-
sectionally (at one time) and longitudinally (across time).
10. Discuss the relationship between (social, economic, and political) “transnationalism” on the part of
immigrants and their offspring and their “assimilation”.
11. In light of the actual (rather than normative or imagined) history and present structure of U.S. civic
and political participation, discuss what “successful” civic and political assimilation and/or integration of
immigrants and their offspring entails.
12. Discuss the determinants of English language ‘acquisition’ and non-English-language retention among
immigrants to the U.S. from non-English-speaking-origin countries.
