This is my draft outline for this research paper and resources as well:
Draft Paper Outline: The Impacts of Brexit on
European Integration
I. Introduction
A. Background on Brexit
1. Overview of the United Kingdom’s
decision to leave the European Union
a. Factors leading to the Brexit referendum
b. Results of the 2016 referendum
2. Timeline of the Brexit process
a. Triggering of Article 50
b. Negotiation of withdrawal agreement
c. Transition period and final departure
B. Thesis statement: Brexit has had significant and far-reaching
impacts on European integration, affecting various aspects of political,
economic, and social cooperation within the EU, with implications for the
future direction of the European project.
II. Political Impacts
A. Challenges to the EU’s
decision-making process
1. Loss of a major member state’s
influence
a. UK’s role in shaping EU policies and
legislation
b. Implications for voting dynamics in the EU
institutions
2. Potential for other countries to
follow the UK’s lead and leave the EU
a. Rise of Eurosceptic movements
b. Implications for the EU’s legitimacy and unity
B. Changes in the balance of power
within the EU
1. Shifting dynamics among remaining
member states
a. Increased influence of larger member states
b. Implications for policy areas like trade and
migration
2. Implications for the EU’s foreign
policy and global influence
a. Impact on the EU’s role in international
affairs
b. Challenges to the EU’s position as a global
actor
III. Economic Impacts
A. Trade and economic relations
between the UK and the EU
1. Consequences of leaving the single
market
a. Barriers to trade in goods and services
b. Impact on UK-EU supply chains and investment
flows
2. Disruptions in supply chains and
trade flows
a. Logistical challenges and increased costs
b. Implications for businesses and consumers
B. Financial implications
1. Impact on the UK’s and EU’s
economies
a. Economic growth and productivity
b. Implications for job markets and living
standards
2. Implications for the future of the
Eurozone
a. UK’s role in EU financial services
b. Potential for other countries to leave the Eurozone
IV. Social and Cultural Impacts
A. Movement of people and labor
1. Changes in migration patterns
a. Impact on freedom of movement
b. Implications for labor mobility and skills
shortages
2. Impact on employment and labor
markets
a. Sectoral implications (e.g., agriculture, hospitality)
b. Implications for wages and working conditions
B. Implications for social cohesion
and cultural integration
1. Rise of nationalism and populism
a. Impact on political discourse and public
sentiment
b. Challenges to the idea of a shared European
identity
2. Challenges to the idea of a unified
European identity
a. Cultural divides and perceptions of
“otherness”
b. Implications for social integration and
inclusion
V. Future of European Integration
A. Potential scenarios for the EU’s
future
1. Increased integration among
remaining member states
a. Deepening of political and economic
cooperation
b. Potential for further expansion of the EU
2. Possibility of other countries
leaving the EU
a. Implications of a multi-speed Europe
b. Challenges to the EU’s cohesion and unity
B. Lessons learned and implications
for the EU’s future direction
1. Addressing democratic deficits and
accountability
2. Balancing national sovereignty and EU-level
decision-making
3. Fostering a shared European identity and
social cohesion
VI. Conclusion
A. Summary of key findings
B. Recommendations for addressing the
challenges posed by Brexit
1. Strengthening EU-UK cooperation and
partnership
2. Reforms to EU governance and decision-making
processes
3. Addressing economic and social disparities
within the EU
C. Final thoughts on the future of
European integration
1. Prospects for further integration or
disintegration
2. The role of the EU in a changing global
landscape
Research Sources
Academic
Books:
Barnard,
Catherine, and Steve Peers, eds. European union law. Oxford
University Press, 2023.
Habermann, Ina.
“Road to Brexit: A cultural perspective on British attitudes to
Europe.” Road to Brexit (2020): 1-272.
Academic
Journal Articles:
Hobolt, Sara B. “Brexit and the 2017 UK
general election.” J. Common Mkt. Stud. 56 (2018): 39.
Leruth,
Benjamin, Stefan Gänzle, and Jarle Trondal. “Exploring differentiated
disintegration in a post‐Brexit European Union.” JCMS: journal of
common market studies 57.5 (2019): 1013-1030.
Martill,
Benjamin, and Uta Staiger, eds. Brexit and beyond: Rethinking the
futures of Europe. Ucl Press, 2018.
Online News
Sources and Blogs:
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-46318565
https://www.bbc.com/news/business-49162356
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/eu-referendum
https://www.economist.com/brexit
https://ecfr.eu/article/brexit-lessons-for-the-eu-and-its-neighbours/
Thank you so much!!